{"id":2184,"date":"2026-07-28T23:47:29","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T20:47:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/snpractice.ru\/?p=2184"},"modified":"2026-07-28T23:47:32","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T20:47:32","slug":"%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d1%81%d0%be%d0%b2%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b5-%d1%81%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d1%8f%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/snpractice.ru\/?p=2184","title":{"rendered":"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 (\u0428\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0410.\u0412., \u0428\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415.\u0418.)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n

\u0423\u0414\u041a 343.1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DOI: 10.24412\/2713-1033-2026-1-50-67<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0410. \u0412. \u0428\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/strong>, \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435-\u0412\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 (\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043b) \u0424\u0413\u0411\u041e\u0423 \u0412\u041e \u00ab\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u0420\u041f\u0410 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438)\u00bb, \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f, e-mail: arshigurov@mail.ru<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0418\u0421\u0422\u041e\u0420\u0418\u042f, \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0415 \u0421\u041e\u0421\u0422\u041e\u042f\u041d\u0418\u0415 \u0418 \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0411\u041b\u0415\u041c\u042b \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0412\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0420\u0415\u0413\u0423\u041b\u0418\u0420\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041d\u0418\u042f \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0418\u0417\u0412\u041e\u0414\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0410 \u041f\u041e \u0414\u0415\u041b\u0410\u041c \u0427\u0410\u0421\u0422\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041e\u0411\u0412\u0418\u041d\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0412 \u0423\u0413\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0412\u041d\u041e\u041c \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0426\u0415\u0421\u0421\u0415<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430: <\/strong>\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/strong> \u0428\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0410.\u0412., \u0428\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415.\u0418. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \/\/ \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. 2026. \u2116 1. \u0421. 50-67. DOI: 10.24412\/2713-1033-2026-1-50-67.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A. V. Shigurov<\/strong>, Mid-Volga Institute (branch) of All-Russian State University of Justice (RLA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Saransk, Russia, e-mail: arshigurov@mail.ru<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E. I. Shigurova<\/strong>, National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia, e-mail: shigurova_elena@mail.ru<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT, CURRENT STATUS AND PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF PRIVATE PROSECUTION PROCEEDINGS IN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This article examines the historical development of private prosecution proceedings in pre-revolutionary Russia, the Soviet period, and the Russian Federation, focusing on changes in legislation and procedural features of this category of criminal cases. The authors analyze the problems associated with this form of criminal proceedings at various stages of the development of criminal justice and possible solutions, as reflected in legal scholarship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The authors point out the lack of consistency and clear criteria in determining the scope of private prosecution cases. Both in pre-revolutionary Russia and in modern criminal procedure, there is no consensus on the criteria by which certain crimes were (or should be) included within the scope of private prosecution, where the victim’s will should determine whether criminal prosecution may be initiated or terminated. At the same time, there is a clear trend toward narrowing this scope of cases, driven by the prevalence of public principles in criminal proceedings, the recognition of public danger as an essential characteristic of criminal acts, and the state’s obligation to combat all crimes, including minor ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Currently, the legal position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation is that the legislator has the right to classify certain offenses that do not pose a significant public danger and require consideration of the victim’s will as private prosecution cases, where public prosecution is considered unnecessary. However, clear criteria for identifying this group of cases have not yet been developed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Based on the historical development of this institution, we propose including among the crimes of private prosecution crimes of low public danger, such as crimes committed within family relationships, including between spouses, parents, and children, as well as crimes against property, constitutional rights and freedoms. These minor offenses infringe only on the rights of specific individuals, who should be granted the right to initiate criminal proceedings independently, for example, in cases where the offender is unwilling to peacefully resolve the conflict, restore violated rights, or compensate for damages. This, in our view, will preserve family relationships in certain categories of cases and, overall, will facilitate the broader use of extra-procedural mechanisms for resolving criminal conflicts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The authors propose expanding procedural guarantees for the protection of victims’ rights in private prosecution cases, including granting victims the right to request preliminary investigative actions in private prosecution cases. Currently, officials of preliminary investigation bodies have the right, in accordance with Part 4 of Article 20 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, to initiate criminal proceedings in cases of private prosecution when the victim, for whatever reason, is unable to independently defend their rights, including when the perpetrator’s details are unknown. Drawing on the approach adopted in the German Code of Criminal Procedure, we propose supplementing Part 4 of Article 20 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation with an additional basis for initiating a case for crimes specified in Parts 2 and 3 of Article 20 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation \u2013 a petition from the victim. This will improve the effectiveness of countering this type of crime and protect the rights of the victim in situations where the victim is unable to independently document evidence of the crime, including due to the active resistance of the offender.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong> criminal proceedings, private prosecution proceedings, private prosecutor, victim, victim’s rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For citation:<\/strong> Shigurov A.V., Shigurova E.I. (2026) Historical Development, Current Status and Problems of Legal Regulation of Private Prosecution Proceedings in Criminal Procedure. Social<\/em> <\/em>norms<\/em> <\/em>and<\/em> <\/em>practices<\/em>. <\/em>No. 1. P. 50-67. DOI: 10.24412\/2713-1033-2026-1-50-67.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

snip-2026-1-50-67<\/a>\u0421\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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